Energy geopolitics is a study that covers the interaction between politics and energy resources in a global context. In the modern era, many countries depend on energy for economic growth and political stability, making it a determining factor in international relations. In general, a country’s economic strength can be influenced by access to and control over energy resources, which include oil, natural gas, and renewable energy. Energy resources are often a tool for diplomacy. Oil-producing countries, such as Saudi Arabia and Russia, use their energy reserves to strengthen their bargaining position in international relations. For example, OPEC (Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries) plays a key role in determining global oil prices through controlling production quotas. This decision not only affects the global economy, but also the politics of energy-using countries. In addition, dependence on fossil energy gives rise to new challenges, such as geopolitical tensions and conflicts. A clear example occurs in the Middle East, where feuds between countries over control of oil fields often lead to war. Russia, as one of the largest gas producers, uses gas pipelines as a political weapon against European countries that depend on Russian energy. Renewable energy is also starting to play an important role in geopolitics. Countries that are able to adapt quickly to renewable energy have the potential to gain strategic advantages. China, for example, has invested heavily in clean energy and green technology, making it a leader in the production of solar panels and wind turbines. This not only reduces dependence on fossil energy, but also strengthens China’s position in the global arena. On the other hand, the transition to renewable energy also presents challenges, such as the need for scarce raw materials for green technologies. These constraints could create new tensions between resource-producing countries. Countries like Congo, which are rich in cobalt, have the potential to become flashpoints as demand for electric vehicle batteries increases. Regarding policy, many countries have begun to strengthen national energy security. The United States, for example, is trying to achieve energy independence through the revival of domestic shale oil and gas production. This strategy not only impacts global energy markets but also allows the US to influence geopolitics in new ways. Energy protectionism has also emerged as a response to international tensions. Some countries limit energy exports to maintain domestic stability, which can worsen international relations. This situation shows that the dynamics between energy and politics will continue to develop. In conclusion, energy geopolitics determines the direction of foreign policy and conflict strategies between countries. These interactions are complex and influenced by many factors, creating both challenges and opportunities. Changes in energy policy will also influence the geopolitical landscape, pushing countries to adapt and innovate in the face of global energy challenges.